Papua New Guinea Transport and Climate Profile 2026
Outline
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
TRANSPORT AND CLIMATE PROFILE
Supported by:
Background
Papua New Guinea (PNG), a low and lower-middle-income economy within the Pacific Islands region, faces a complex intersection of developmental aspirations and climate imperatives. With a population of 10.6 million and a GDP (PPP) of $51.7 billion in 2024 (yielding a GDP per capita of $4,889), the nation's transport sector has become a focal point for decarbonization.
Transport and Climate Change
In 2024, the sector contributed 2.1 million tonnes of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, representing approximately 20% of total economy-wide emissions. Notably, the trajectory of transport-related CO2 emissions has shifted significantly; while emissions grew at an annual rate of 5.9% prior to the adoption of the Paris Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals, they have contracted by 0.9% annually since 2015.
The emissions profile is mainly dominated by road transport, which makes up 86% of total transport emissions and 17% of the overall GHG emissions across the economy. Domestic navigation and aviation each account for 7%, while rail remains absent. Although PNG has made progress in separating economic growth from emissions—reducing carbon intensity per GDP from 79.4 gCO2e/USD in 2000 to 41.1 gCO2e/USD in 2024—it still lags behind the Asia-Pacific average of 29.0 gCO2e/USD and other low- and lower-middle-income countries (23.8 gCO2e/USD). Additionally, the "embodied emissions" from infrastructure growth and upkeep add approximately 136 thousand tonnes of CO2-equivalent each year, driven by the consumption of 4.0 million tonnes of material.
PNG's transport sector relies entirely on fossil fuels, with 2023 energy consumption at 23,342 terajoules, all from oil products—a constant since 2010. Biofuels and electricity remain negligible, holding <1% of the energy mix. While energy intensity per GDP has improved from 0.92 MJ/USD in 2000 to 0.48 MJ/USD in 2023, it is still above the Asia-Pacific average of 0.37 MJ/USD. Road transport accounts for 83% of energy use, with domestic aviation at 17%. The sector's fossil fuel dependence is compounded by petroleum subsidies, which cause external costs mainly through road crashes (90%) and also contribute to congestion and road damage. Additionally, fuel taxes, generating 9% of government revenue, face future risks as the sector shifts toward electrification.
PNG is highly susceptible to natural hazards, ranking 207th out of 208 countries for road vulnerability. Since 2000, it has experienced 53 disasters, including floods (28%), landslides (25%), and earthquakes (23%), impacting 3.8 million people and incurring over $186,987 in damages. The transport network faces potential annual losses of around $3.8 million, with 86% of these losses in the road sector. Climate change worsens these risks: under a 4.5-degree warming scenario, more than 29% of road and rail assets could face extreme rainfall. Although sea-level rise currently threatens no one in low-lying coastal zones, the road network's systemic vulnerability to inland hazards remains a major obstacle to economic stability.
Motorization in PNG has climbed to 407 vehicles per thousand population in 2024, surpassing the Asia-Pacific average of 317. The vehicle fleet is characterized by a high proportion of 2-wheelers (52%), followed by light-duty vehicles (LDVs) at 33% and trucks at 14%. While the country spent $270.1 million on bus imports between 2015 and 2024, none of these vehicles were electric. However, an emerging electric vehicle (EV) market is visible; EV imports reached $27 million between 2017 and 2024, representing 7% of total road vehicle imports by 2024. Interestingly, 98% of these EVs are goods vehicles and buses rather than passenger cars. Despite this, PNG's e-mobility readiness remains low, with a UNEP score of 43/100, hampered by particularly weak scores in technology, market readiness, and policy frameworks.
Urban transport access remains a major challenge for social inclusion. In 25% of PNG's eight key urban areas, 80% of residents do not have convenient access to public transport. This "transport poverty" is worsened by a limited market for active mobility; from 2015 to 2024, the country imported only $14.5 million worth of bicycles. The scarcity of reliable public and non-motorized transport options leads to increased dependence on private vehicles, which further raises the sector's carbon emissions and places a greater financial strain on low-income populations households.
The financing landscape for PNG's transport sector is dominated by international aid rather than private investment. ODA for transport surged from $466.4 million (2002-2010) to $1.1 billion (2011-2023). There has been a notable shift in the allocation of these funds: while roads once received 90% of ODA, their share dropped to 56% in the latter period, with increased flows toward airports (28%) and ports (17%). Crucially, there have been no recorded public-private partnership (PPP) investments in the transport sector since 2000, highlighting a significant gap in mobilizing private capital for infrastructure development.
PNG has several policy documents related to transport, with 8 specifically focused on climate issues. The 2020 Updated NDC aims for the country to be 50% carbon neutral by 2030 and fully neutral by 2050, but it does not specify overall or transport-specific greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets. Current policies prioritize road expansion, asset management, and disaster early warning systems. Nevertheless, there is a strategic gap: NDCs and Long-Term Strategies (LTS) account for only 8% of the top 10 measure types, and just 54% of policy measures address climate adaptation or resilience. While documents like the National Transport Strategy and EV Policy Draft lay the groundwork, the integration of mitigation efforts (which have 63% relevance) and adaptation measures is inconsistent across the legal framework.
To decouple economic growth from increasing transport emissions, PNG is increasingly adopting integrated spatial and transportation planning to shorten trip distances and improve mobility options. The National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy promotes more compact development patterns to lower vehicle-miles traveled (VMT), while also prioritizing funding for public transit and non-motorized transport. Additionally, the National Transport Strategy highlights port and airport master planning to streamline cargo handling and reduce urban congestion, managing demand more effectively through better logistics and intermodal efficiency.
A significant transition is happening toward low-carbon transportation, led by PNG's EV Policy Draft. This document establishes a National EV Unit responsible for achieving a goal where 15% of new vehicle registrations are electric by 2030. The transition is reinforced by the Updated NDC - PNG, which envisions electric bus rapid transit systems in cities and pilot projects in Port Moresby and Lae. To support this change, the government is implementing fiscal incentives such as waiving import duties and registration fees for EVs. Additionally, the Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027 plans to develop a national railway and tram network as a lower-emission alternative for freight and passenger transportation.
Enhancing the efficiency of current operations remains essential, especially in the aviation and maritime sectors. The Papua New Guinea State Action Plan commits to a 2% annual improvement in fuel efficiency for aviation and plans to convert airport ground support to solar power, aligning with the goals of the International Aviation Climate Ambition Coalition. In the road sector, the Road Management and Maintenance Plan (RMMP) 2025-2040 requires the reuse and recycling of waste materials from road reconstruction and mandates that all new infrastructure adhere to climate-resilient standards. Furthermore, the Climate Change (Management) Act 2015 establishes the legal framework for Fuel Standards Regulations, setting maximum pollutant limits in transport fuels to ensure ongoing enhancements in the environmental performance of the national fleet.
Representation of Transport in Key Climate Policy Documents
Distribution of Transport and Climate Policy Measures in Policy Documents
These tables contains transport-relevant (e.g. economy-wide; sector-specific) GHG emissions targets as explicitly mentioned in the policy documents.
Economy-wide GHG emissions mandates
PNG Vision 2050
2009
Reduce greenhouse emission by 90 percent to 1990 levels;
2050
Net zero, carbon neutrality
Papua New Guinea State Action Plan
2023
In consideration of the achievements so far, the SAP sets a goal for reducing CO2 emissions from international aviation activities to contribute to global efforts in line with ICAO Member States agreed global aspirational goals for the international aviation sector. This includes a 2 per cent annual fuel efficiency improvement through to 2050 and carbon-neutral growth from 2020 onwards, and a Long Term Global Aspirational Goal (LTAG) of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.
2050
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
In 2020, PNG submitted Enhanced Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) which aligns with the PNG Vision 2050 which clearly establishes overall goal of achieving carbon neutrality of at least 50% by 2030 and 100% carbon neutrality by 2050
2030
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
In 2020, PNG submitted Enhanced Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) which aligns with the PNG Vision 2050 which clearly establishes overall goal of achieving carbon neutrality of at least 50% by 2030 and 100% carbon neutrality by 2050
2050
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
The policy outlines the government's commitment, to be 50 percent carbon neutral by 2030, and be entirely carbon neutral by 2050
2030
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
The policy outlines the government's commitment, to be 50 percent carbon neutral by 2030, and be entirely carbon neutral by 2050
2050
Indirect Transport Climate Change Targets
These tables show non-GHG targets as specified in the policy documents which indirectly benefit climate change mitigation and adaptation in the transport sector.
Airport infrastructure improvement
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
Up to 50 airstrips will be rehabilitated according to their economic viability, taking into account alternative options for access provided by improving road and water transport. 10 airports upgraded for larger jets
2030
Aviation safety
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
Safety standards at 100% of PNG‟s regional airports do not meet international certification standards.
2030
Climate-informed design standards
Second Biennial Update Report
2022
USD 1.3 billion value of transport (air, sea, and land) infrastructure and assets built/ rehabilitated according to climate-resilient codes and standards;
2030
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
US$1.2b (PGK 4.2b) value of transport (air, sea, and land) infrastructure and assets built/rehabilitated according to climate-resilient codes and standards.
2030
Disaster notification/ early warning system
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
6 million people (70% of the population) benefit from improved early warning systems/information to respond to extreme climate events
2030
EV charging infrastructure
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
Battery swapping for low-voltage mobility use is available on a commercial scale in the marketplace.
50% of all four-wheeled EVs are charged through devices that are managed-charging enabled.
2030
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
90% of grid-supplied charging of mainstream EVs is provided through managed-charging systems.
2050
EV in public transport
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
Additional buses are expected to be purchased for the Port Moresby public transport fleet in the period of 2022 to 2027. Given the small size of fleet operated by the National Capital District Commission (NCDC), the PNG national government should commit to providing appropriate incentives and other support necessary to ensure that fully electric buses constitute at least 50% of all new buses (i.e., for all public transport vehicles with 15 seats or more) procured for the city fleet.
2027
EV mandates/ procurement
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
: 15% of all new vehicle registrations to be electric vehicles by 2030, resulting in reduced emissions from transport sector
2030
EV manufacturing
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
Ten different models of manufacturer supported, mainstream EVs are available in the marketplace.
2030
Inland waterways (IWT) improvement - General
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
Triple capacity Triple number of routes serviced and number of vessels, and upgrade ports
2030
Renewable energy
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
To address the increase in emission, the country aims to improve the energy mix by increasing the share of renewables from the 30% recorded in 2015 to 78% by 2030. Existing programs and measures are projected to increase the share of renewables to 65% by 2030. With additional funding support, it would even be possible to achieve 78% target as indicated in the 2020 NDC.
2030
Second Biennial Update Report
2022
Enhance levels of renewables in the energy mix from 30% in 2015 to 78% by 2030 for on-grid connection (non-GHG quantitative target);
2030
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Increasing levels of renewables in the energy mix for on-grid connection – through increasing the share of installed capacity of renewable energy from 30 percent in 2015 to 78 percent in 2030.
2030
Voluntary National Review 2020 - PNG
2020
Promoting the target of 100 percent electricity usage from renewable energy sources by 2050
2050
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
By 2030 around 25 per cent of PNG‟s electricity needs will be generated from these renewable sources.
2030
Road infrastructure expansion
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
It will involve improving all Provincial and District roads, and construct 2,500km of new roads to the existing National road network by 2027. It identifies 14 major Corridors of which seven are prioritised in the MTDP IV: Trans-Island Corridor, Southern Corridor, Momase Corridor, Gulf-Southern Highlands Corridor, New Britain Corridor, Highlands Corridor and the Baiyer-Madang Corridor.
2027
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
The objective of the Connect PNG Road Program is to achieve 100% National road connectivity by 2040.
2040
National Transport Strategy
2013
Increase the national road network from the current 25,000 km to complete road networks throughout Papua New Guinea
2050
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
Triple road network A comprehensive program of rehabilitation and construction is advocated that will expand PNG‟s national road network that is in good condition to 25,000 kilometres by 2030
2030
PNG Vision 2050
2009
Increase the national road network from the current 25,000 km8 to complete road networks throughout Papua New Guinea
2050
Shipping efficiency improvements
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
1 day handling times at PNG‟s two principal ports , Port Moresby and Lae
2030
Shipping improvement - General
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
Triple number of routes serviced and number of vessels, and upgrade ports
2030
Shipping port infrastructure improvements
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
Triple capacity Triple number of routes serviced and number of vessels, and upgrade ports
2030
Transport access improvement - General
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
The objective of the Connect PNG Road Program is to achieve 100% National road connectivity by 2040.
2040
Transport asset management - General
National Roads Network Strategy 2036
2018
All sealed/unselad priority non-core and core roads in fair to good condition are provided routine and periodic maintenance. Twenty percent of sealed and unsealed roads in fair and good condition are resealed/regraveled annually All sealed priority non-core roads in poor condition are in fair or good condition by 2028 All unsealed priority non-core roads in poor condition are in fair or good condition by 2028 All core and priority non-core sealed roads will be in fair or good condition by 2028 All core and priority non-core unsealed roads will be in fair or good condition by 2028 All routine maintenance costs for non-priority roads are included in phase 2 budget requirements
2028
National Roads Network Strategy 2036
2018
All sealed non-priority roads in poor condition are brought to fair or good condition by 2037 All unsealed non-priority roads in poor condition are brought to fair or good condition by 2037 All routine and periodic maintenance costs for the core and priority non-core roads are included in the phase 3 budget requirement All NRN sealed roads will be in fair or good condition by 2037 All NRN unsealed roads will be in fair or good condition by 2037
2037
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
Maintain 100% of roads
2030
Transport and Climate Policy Measures
These tables list the policy measures that relate to climate change mitigation and adaptation in the transport sector that had been identified in the transport policy documents.
Accreditation of transport agencies and centres
Road Traffic Authority Corporate Plan 2017-2019
2017
Additional inspection stations and testing officers authorised and approved
x
Active mobility - General
Road Management and Maintenance Plan (RMMP) 2025–2040
2024
Safety inspections of carriageways will generally be undertaken in a slow-moving vehicle. All safety inspections of footways, footpaths and Cycleways will be undertaken on foot.
x
Active transport infrastructure expansion and improvement
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
increasing pedestrian and bicycle facilities
x
Aircraft fleet renovation
Papua New Guinea State Action Plan
2023
The Airline is introducing B737 technology with winglets
x
Airport infrastructure improvement
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
The Connect PNG Air Transport Program will construct, rehabilitate, expand and elevate current National airports and rural airstrips to enhance safety, travel time, and affordability. Selected National airports will be improved to accommodate larger aircrafts. Rural airstrips will be upgraded and maintained to allow regular flights. i) upgrading 5 regional airports, including Jacksons Airport, to take international flights; ii) upgrade and capacitate at least 5 airports to take Fokker 100 or its equivalent; iii) ensure that all National airports comply with National Civil Aviation Regulation and International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Standards and Recommended Practices; iv) upgrade and certify the 22 National airports; v) increase the number of international airlines accessing PNG airspace; and vi) upgrade and operationalise at least 500 rural airstrips.
x
National Adaptation Plan
2023
Design and/or manage the rehabilitation of airports to international and climate resilient standards.
x
Voluntary National Review 2020 - PNG
2020
The Civil Aviation Development Investment Program is a multiyear program to improve gaps in the air transport system of the country for runways, terminals, air navigational surveillance systems and is proven beneficial for the transport sector and country.
x
PNG Vision 2050
2009
Develop and seal all airstrips throughout the country;
x
Alternative fuels - General
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
increasing alternative fuel infrastructure and alternative modes of Transport
x
x
x
Aviation improvements - General
International Aviation Climate Ambition Coalition
2021
8. Convening periodically at both ministerial and official levels with a view to advancing and reviewing progress on the above commitments. --- 1. Working together, both through ICAO and other complementary cooperative initiatives, to advance ambitious actions to reduce aviation CO2 emissions at a rate consistent with efforts to limit the global average temperature increase to 1.5°C. 2. Supporting the adoption by ICAO of an ambitious long-term aspirational goal consistent with the above-referenced temperature limit, and in view of the industry's commitments towards net zero CO2 emissions by 2050. 3. Ensuring the maximum effectiveness of CORSIA, including by: - supporting efforts at ICAO and working with other ICAO member states to implement and strengthen CORSIA as an important measure to address aviation emissions, including to expand participation in CORSIA, and participating in CORSIA as soon as possible, if our state has not done so already. - taking steps domestically to implement Annex 16 Volume IV of the Chicago Convention as fully as possible and in a timely manner, including with respect to enforcement of domestic regulations, legislation, or Implementation arrangements. - advancing the environmental ambition of the scheme in the course of undertaking the CORSIA Periodic Reviews. - working to ensure that double counting is avoided through the host state's application of corresponding adjustments in accounting for its nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement for the mitigation underlying all CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units and, where needed, CORSIA Eligible Fuels, used toward CORSIA compliance. 5. Promoting the development and deployment, through international and national measures, of innovative new low- and zero-carbon aircraft technologies that can reduce aviation CO2 emissions. 7. Promoting capacity building support for the implementation of CORSIA and other ICAO climate measures, including to advance uptake of freely available tools and to expand regional expertise, accreditation and access to markets for sustainable aviation fuels and CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units. 8. Convening periodically at both ministerial and official levels with a view to advancing and reviewing progress on the above commitments.
x
Aviation safety
Voluntary National Review 2020 - PNG
2020
The Civil Aviation Development Investment Program is a multiyear program to improve gaps in the air transport system of the country for runways, terminals, air navigational surveillance systems and is proven beneficial for the transport sector and country.
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Develop and seal all airstrips throughout the country NAC airports to be brought up to safety certification standard by 2015 Other publicly owned airports to be brought up to a certifiable safe standard by 2020 Air operators to set up and maintain Safety Management Systems to ensure compliance with civil aviation rules, overseen by CASA Director of Civil Aviation and CASA to rigorously implement and monitor legal safety requirements NASP to guide improvements in aviation security, including airport and air operator security Government to agree a security compliance action plan with ICAO CASA to be the coordinating agency for aviation security, liaising with other authorities Government will harmonize its aviation security practices with neighbouring states NAC to include airport noise control in airport master plans and to liaise with urban planning agencies to mutually ensure that airport expansion is not limited by urban development
x
Aviation traffic management
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
Fully upgrade all Air Traffic Control Systems throughout the 22 National Airports to modern facilities, including the upgraded District Airstrips
x
Papua New Guinea State Action Plan
2023
More efficient ATM planning, ground operations, terminal operations (departure and arrivals), en-route operations, airspace design and usage, aircraft air navigation capabilities National weather service improvement of weather services/forecast conditions in Port Moresby FIR
x
x
Battery life cycle management
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
At least three slow chargers will be installed at the bus depot for overnight charging of the buses. EV batteries typically need to be replaced once they have degraded to operating at 80% of their capacities. Batteries that have reached their end of automotive life must either be reused in other settings or recycled, as a lack of adequate reuse or recycling can carry a high environmental cost. Not only can discarded EV batteries generate toxic gases if damaged during disposal, but EV batteries contain valuable core materials such as lithium and cobalt.
x
x
Biofuels
Second Biennial Update Report
2022
Encourage sustainable substitution of fossil fuels with biofuels;
x
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Encourage sustainable substitution of fossil fuels with biofuels;
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Encourage sustainable substitution of fossil fuels with biofuels DOT to develop proposals for limiting the carbon emissions from the vehicle fleet and introduction of biofuels in conjunction with the OCCD
x
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
In addition, biofuels will be developed as a renewable energy alternative to fossil fuels for transport.
x
Budget/ identification of active mobility projects
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
increase priority for funding public transit and non-motorized travel and integrate national and metropolitan planning as means to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector.
x
Budget/ identification of aviation projects
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
The investments will focus on the following programs under this DIP: i) National Airport Infrastructure Development Program; ii) International Airports Security Systems Upgrade Program; iii) Development of 5 Regional Airports (Nadzab, Tokua, Gurney, Kagamuga, Wewak) to cater for international and commodity airfreight flights; iv) Rural Airstrips Redevelopment Program; and v) National Weather Service Support Program.
x
x
x
x
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
By 2030, US$90m (PGK 320m) value of 16 airports rehabilitated to international and climate resilient standards. Design and/or manage -the re-habilitation of airports to inter-national and cli-mate resilient standards in partnership with development partners
x
Budget/ identification of public transport projects
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
increase priority for funding public transit and non-motorized travel and integrate national and metropolitan planning as means to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector.
x
Budget/ identification of rail projects
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
v) National Railway/Tram Network; vi) National Bridges Constructions; and vii) National Bridges Rehabilitation and upgrade program.
x
x
x
x
Budget/ identification of road projects
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
A projected investment of K7.2 billion is needed to deliver the road infrastructure priorities by 2027. The investments will focus on the following programs under this DIP: i) Connect PNG Missing Link Roads; ii) Connect PNG National Highways; iii) Provincial Roads; iv) District Commodity Roads;
x
x
x
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
The total cost of constructing the missing links and economic corridor roads in the MTDP is estimated at K 27 billion
x
Budget/ identification of shipping projects
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
The Government plans to invest over K2.2 billion to deliver these infrastructure priorities by 2027. A projected investment of K714 million is needed to deliver these infrastructure priorities by 2027. The investments will focus on the following programs under this DIP: i) Construction of five National Wharves (Wewak, Vanimo, Kikori, Arafura Port and Manus); ii) Rehabilitation and upgrade of PNG's National Ports; iii) Rehabilitation of Jetties; iv) Support to National maritime navigational aids systems strengthening; v) Establishment of a national shipping service under PPP financing arrangements to service the 15 Maritime Provinces; and vi) Establishment of the Madang Maritime College to a National Maritime University.
x
x
x
x
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
By 2030, US$85m (PGK 302m) value of 4 wharves rehabilitated according to climate resilient codes. Design and/or manage ment of the 4 wharves in partnership with develop ment of the 4 wharves in - ment partners
x
Budget/ identification of transport asset management projects
National Roads Network Strategy 2036
2018
Estimated costs for implementing the maintenance first policy Table 6.1-2 Estimated cost of missing-link roads Table 6.1-4
x
Building code requirements for EV readiness
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
Changes in building regulations shall be made to ensure all new home and workplace parking is ‘EV ready' (i.e., adequate space allocation with conduits and power supply infrastructure in place for EV chargers). Additionally, buildings will need to be able to accommodate additional power load, equivalent to the power required for all charging points to be operated safely and simultaneously. The Ministry of Works has announced in 2022 that it has started the process of reviewing the existing Building Act 1971 and the Building Regulations 1994 and will establish new building standards and codes in line with environmental requirements.
x
Capacity building - General
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
New jobs for all genders can be created due to increased EV adoption – e.g., charging station operators and EV service mechanics. Port Moresby shall aspire to become a hub for the provision of training related to jobs in the EV eco-system. Courses shall be designed to train EV drivers (new drivers), mechanics and charging station staff in partnership with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and private players. These courses shall be delivered through the Skill Centres set up by PNG Government in existing training centres like POMTECH that already have an automotive department. The Skill Centres shall also offer short re-training courses for ICE vehicle mechanics who would like to be trained in repairing and servicing EVs. Private sector partners, i.e., auto OEMs, retail partners and other private players shall be allowed to conduct their own staff training. The Department of Transport and the National EV Unitshall design and implement an intensive public outreach and communications campaign focused on creating awareness regarding the benefits of adopting electric vehicles and key elements of the policy.
x
x
x
Voluntary National Review 2020 - PNG
2020
The Transport Sector Support Program, a GoPNG/ Government of Australia partnership program to improve road maintenance and institutional strengthening of capacity within Department of Works and Department of Transport.
x
National Roads Network Strategy 2036
2018
Assist the provinces in the formulation, implementation and monitoring of their road network maintenance and investment plans through the conduct of capacity-building programs and on-site coaching of the locaql engineering and planning staf
x
Road Traffic Authority Corporate Plan 2017-2019
2017
Train all staff
x
x
x
Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
Developing the Department's workforce, including upgrading formal qualifications for at least five staff members each year, to degree or masters level, along with a structured training plan for departmental staff which addresses immediate skill and knowledge requirements to deliver the Corporate Strategic Plan;
x
x
x
Climate-informed design standards
National Adaptation Plan
2023
Design and/or manage the rehabilitation of airports to international and climate resilient standards.
Develop climateresilient codes and standards for the construction/rehabilitation of buildings and transport and utility infrastructure
x
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
National roads built to climate resilient codes and standards Bridges and culverts built to climate resilient codes and standards
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Transport infrastructure agencies will review and adjust design code provisions for climate change adaptation including for sea level rise and increased rainfall intensity and duration PNG Ports to coordinate standards for environmental assessment and control of coastal engineering works, including for climate change adaptation.
x
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
implement and enforce building standards for the construction of infrastructure in disaster prone areas
x
x
x
Coordinate planning across government agencies
National Transport Strategy
2013
The Government will encourage provinces in this situation to enter into management agreements with the transport sector agencies on a fee-forservice basis to act on behalf of the provinces as asset managers for provincial roads, ports and airports.
x
x
x
Transport Sector Support Program (Phase 2) - Design and Implementation Framework
2013
continue to support sector coordination
Data collection and repositories - General
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
Vehicle-specific data such as the emission class, engine and fuel type, year of first registration etc. shall be collected to enhance existing policies and to measure the GHG emission reductions achieved through mitigation measures such as the deployment of EVs.
x
Second Biennial Update Report
2022
Monitor vehicle fleet-weighted fuel and CO2 efficiency;
x
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Monitor vehicle fleet-weighted fuel and CO2 efficiency;
x
Road Traffic Authority Corporate Plan 2017-2019
2017
Vehicle registration system with central database Driver licensing system with central database Passenger and goods transport licensing system with central database System of training and testing for drivers Vehicle inspection system with central database (Automated Inspection systems) Agreement for data sharing, collaboration and enforcement activities in place
National Transport Strategy
2013
Develop Safety Management Systems (SMS) in each mode Collection, analysis and publication of statistical data
x
x
x
Data modelling
National Transport Strategy
2013
Monitor vehicle fleetweighted fuel and CO2 efficiency
x
Development of EV plan/policy
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
E-Mobility Policy for PNG
x
Development of aviation plan/policy
Papua New Guinea State Action Plan
2023
PNG also adheres to ICAO's call to its Member States during its 41st Assembly (2022) to submit voluntary SAPs to communicate on the progress towards the environmental goals set by ICAO and, where appropriate, request assistance in implementing these plans. Transposition of ANNEX 16 VOLUME IV into a national regulation framing the offsetting under CORSIA
x
International Aviation Climate Ambition Coalition
2021
6. Preparing up-to-date state action plans detailing ambitious and concrete national action to reduce aviation emissions and submitting these plans to ICAO well in advance of the 41st ICAO Assembly, where such plans have not already been updated in line with ICAO Assembly Resolution A40-18, paragraph 11.
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
PNG will harmonize civil aviation laws, rules, standards and practices with international best practice and with other regional countries with which it shares air traffic routes
x
Development of climate change/ low carbon plan/ policy
Papua New Guinea First NDC (Archived)
2016
In May 2015 the PNG Government passed the Climate Change Bill to become the first nation in the Pacific region to implement a law that will, among other things, minimise the effects of climate change as a result of infrastructural development.
Second National Communication - PNG
2014
Developed a Climate-Compatible Development Strategy (CCDS)
Development of national development plan/ policy
Papua New Guinea First NDC (Archived)
2016
In October 2009, the Government launched a 40 year development strategy: PNG Vision 2050. The intention is to transform the nation's mind-set and attitude and align the people, institutions and systems into educated, healthy and prosperous society.
Development of other transport-related plan/ policy
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
Develop the Connect PNG policy to broaden the concept to make it inclusive of all other infrastructure developments. Review and align the MTTP2 to capture the development of a national railway network, including appropriate legislative frameworks
x
x
x
x
PNG Vision 2050
2009
Ensure that there is inter-provincial and cross-boundary economic corridor planning;
x
x
x
Development of public transport plan/ policy
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Draft Green Transport Action Plan
x
x
x
Development of shipping/ maritime/ inland water transport (IWT) plan/ policy
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Incorporate cli-mate change adaptation goals into National Ports policies and support policy implementation
x
Development of transport adaptation/ emergency/ disaster/ recovery plan/ policy
DOWH - Corporate Plan 2025 - 2029
2024
Develop and institutionalise a comprehensive risk assessment plan with effective mitigating strategies across all department operations
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Road Management and Maintenance Plan (RMMP) 2025–2040
2024
Urgent maintenance includes responses to flooding, spillage, land slips, willful damage and any other occurrences that closes the road to vehicular traffic. Works undertaken are of a temporary nature. Emergency maintenance includes responses to major events such as cyclones and generally cover a wider area than the roadways or carriageways. As previously practiced in PNG, budget allocation for emergency works is 10% or less of the routine maintenance budget. The Emergency Restoration Works Policy (ERW) will guide any emergency repair works.
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National disaster risk reduction framework 2017-2030
2017
Prepare or review and periodically update disaster preparedness and contingency policies, plans and programmes with the involvement of the relevant institutions
Development of transport asset management plan/policy
National Adaptation Plan
2023
Develop an asset at risk inventory and management plans.
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Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
Implementing a comprehensive approach to long and short term planning in respect to road network, service delivery, corporate management and support for provinces, districts and local level governments to deliver technical infrastructure projects. Developing the Department's workforce, including upgrading formal qualifications for at least five staff members each year, to degree or masters level, along with a structured training plan for departmental staff which addresses immediate skill and knowledge requirements to deliver the Corporate Strategic Plan;
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Disaster notification/ early warning system
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
Integrated Early Warning System
National disaster risk reduction framework 2017-2030
2017
Strengthen multi-hazard, multi-sectoral forecasting and early warning systems tailored to the needs of users;
National Transport Strategy
2013
National Weather Service (NWS) will develop a network of land and sea-based automatic weather stations to advise the transport infrastructure agencies on rainfall intensity/duration monitoring and projections
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Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
improve the capacity of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to predict geophysical threats in order to raise the scope for early warning;
PNG Vision 2050
2009
Provide 100 percent of weather and natural disaster monitoring systems in all provinces
Driver licensing
National Transport Strategy
2013
The existing delegations to the provinces of motor vehicle registration and licensing will be formalised through legislation with obligations and responsibilities on each side.
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EV - General
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
There is good public awareness of EVs
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EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
Services provided by EVs are an integral and significant component of transport within the region and include single-person electrically assisted mobility options through to electric trucks, buses, and boats.
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EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
. To establish the feasibility for large-scale adoption of electric passenger four wheelers, all new vehicles procured by the government will be electric, unless no suitable EV models exist. The government demonstrates leadership by transitioning its entire fleet to electric. All leased/hired cars used for commutes of PNG Government officials shall be transitioned to electric by the end of the validity period of this policy. The buses will be operated by NCDC.
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Second Biennial Update Report
2022
Encourage the introduction of hybrid and electric vehicles
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EV charging infrastructure
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
All existing residential and commercial building owners shall be encouraged to install private charging points on their premises. These charging points should provide options for external vehicles to visit for charging. The PNG Power Limited shall provide a grant for the purchase of charging equipment up to PNG Kina 1,000 per charging point for the first 100 charging points. Charging standards applicable in PNG will be defined and adopted by National Institute of Standards and Industrial Technology (NISIT) and include standards for DC and AC chargers, equipment, connectors, and associated electronics. Customers of PPL will request charging installations on their premises. The utility company shall install chargers at their customers' premises as requested and recover additional installation related charges as applicable and approved by the electricity regulatory body (NEA/ICCC) through their electricity bills. . Providing accessible public charging facilities within 5 km by road from anywhere in Port Moresby and other urban areas is a key objective of this policy. As several stakeholders involved in the implementation of public charging infrastructure within Port Moresby, the EV committee formed at the city level should address these issues Private entities should be invited through a formal bidding process to establish and operate charging stations across Port Moresby and other urban areas in PNG. Land prices are typically high, so if charging locations can be provided at reduced rental rates or on government land for no cost, this can boost the adoption of EVs. These locations shall be spaces in existing government offices, hospitals, shopping areas, schools etc. keeping in mind the required safety standards. A list of locations for deploying charging stations shall be identified by the EV committee within six months of issuance of the policy. User charging costs for all public charging stations will be standardised and published by the competent authorities (NEA/ICCC/PPL). Costs will be based on type of charger (fast/slow); and charged per session; per kWh; per hour and according to the Tariff Schedule (3.10.).
The electricity tariff applicable to all charging stations for commercial use (i.e. charging facilities used by fleet owners) shall be communicated in the Tariff Schedule on an annual basis by NEA/ICCC. The Tariff Schedule shall consider i) cost differences for electricity generation during day and night, which is especially relevant for electricity generation through renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, and ii) the stability of the electricity grid by offering lower tariffs at times when the overall electricity demand is below the average demand (i.e. during the night) in order to avoid peak loads that could negatively impact grid stability. The electricity tariff for EV charging shall be in line with current industrial customer rates for the entire duration of this policy. Tariff concessions outlined in section 3.10 shall also be extended to all private charging points that are compliant with the standards.
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EV in public transport
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
. To establish the feasibility for large-scale adoption of electric passenger four wheelers, all new vehicles procured by the government will be electric, unless no suitable EV models exist. The government demonstrates leadership by transitioning its entire fleet to electric. All leased/hired cars used for commutes of PNG Government officials shall be transitioned to electric by the end of the validity period of this policy. The buses will be operated by NCDC.
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Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Encourage the introduction of hybrid and electric vehicles , Electrified bus rapid transit systems in urban centers and climate-resilient supporting infrastructure
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EV pilot projects
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
In the year 2023, the PNG national government, with financial support from international donors, will purchase 5 electric busesfor a pilot project in Port Moresby.
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Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Implementation of pilot projects in Port Moresby and Lae
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Economic instruments - General
National Transport Strategy
2013
The Government will, over time, reduce the proportion of transport infrastructure and services costs that it funds directly through Budget appropriation in favour of transport user charges
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Education and behavior change - General
Road Traffic Authority Corporate Plan 2017-2019
2017
Public awareness and education on new road traffic laws completed.
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Education curriculum sensitizing about transport subsector
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
Elevate Madang Maritime College to a National Maritime University to cater for the increasing tertiary education demand
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National Transport Strategy
2013
The Government will actively assist the development of PNG national firms and individuals to increase their participation in the transport sector. Establish a “Capacity Building Taskforce” under TSCMIC auspices to build capacity focussing on human resource development Carry out a status review of technical education, training and professional qualifications and supply/demand outlook Coordinate with wider Government development initiatives for the education and training sector Develop an education and training strategy and plan focused on the skills, qualifications and experience required by the sector
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Employment in transport, communication, and storage
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
New jobs for all genders can be created due to increased EV adoption – e.g., charging station operators and EV service mechanics. Port Moresby shall aspire to become a hub for the provision of training related to jobs in the EV eco-system. Courses shall be designed to train EV drivers (new drivers), mechanics and charging station staff in partnership with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and private players. These courses shall be delivered through the Skill Centres set up by PNG Government in existing training centres like POMTECH that already have an automotive department.
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Environment impact assessment
DOWH - Corporate Plan 2025 - 2029
2024
Develop and fully roll out the appropriate Environmental Codes of Practice for Roads, Bridges and Building Infrastructure and to include Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and sustainability policies. Develop, build capacity and implement DoWH Safeguards and Climate Resilience Manual to include all Environment, Safeguards, Climate Resilience Standards and Guidelines in accordance with the Department's Climate Change and Safeguards Policy.
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Road Management and Maintenance Plan (RMMP) 2025–2040
2024
The Road Management and Maintenance Plan (RMMP) 2025 – 2040 is developed in harmony with the PNG Conservation and Environment Protection Authority (CEPA) regulations with the commitment to conserve and enhance biodiversity. We will consult local environmental and conservation groups to develop advice and environmental competence, and to give greater understanding of road maintenance problems. Environmental advisers within DOWH will also be consulted. Such consultees on road maintenance and policies are a fundamental requirement for Best Value reviews. Therefore, all road maintenance works occurring outside the road shoulders which involves vegetation or the environment in general will be done in a safe way such that the environment and its habitat is not affected. This includes natural waterways. Arrangements will be available to deal with diesel spills particularly on major sites. All planning and environmental requirements will be complied with in accordance with CEPA regulations. Depots and material storage are often the most visible evidence of the environmental awareness of the service. Whilst these depots must meet the operational requirements of the service, we will ensure that they are located, designed, managed, and maintained to the highest practicable environmental standards.
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Connect PNG (Implementation and Funding Arrangements Act 2021)
2021
Develop and fully roll out the appropriate Environmental Codes of Practice for Roads, Bridges and Building Infrastructure and to include Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and sustainability policies.
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National Transport Strategy
2013
Develop implementation mechanisms and protocols for the Protection of Transport Infrastructure Act including: - Carrying out an audit of land compensation procures - Developing a Community Economic Involvement and Education Programme - Developing a policing and enforcement strategy. Environmental impact assessments will include direct and indirect environmental effects of transport, including the incremental effects of multiple projects over time Each transport agency will be required to prepare, maintain and adhere to a Code of Environmental Practice written for the context of its operations, with the aims of best practice and continuous improvement A Road Traffic Act will replace the existing Motor Traffic Act and related legislation to establish a Road Traffic Authority, combining the NRSC and LTD of DOT and introducing quality-based transport licensing. Road Classification and Standards Regulations to be drafted under the NRA's Act. The need for the Motor Vehicle Dealers Act will be reviewed with a view to repeal. The Merchant Shipping Act will be amended to remove price control on shipping freight rates and to reform the coastal shipping licensing and permitting regime. A new Ports Bill will be drafted by DOT in conjunction with PNGPCL to more clearly delineate the powers, functions and responsibilities of PNGPCL The Small Craft Act has been passed to regulate small boat safety
Practice guidelines and procedures will be tailored to each transport mode to safeguard the natural and built environment and to minimise social and environmental impacts to people and communities
provide transport connectivity for 95% or more of the land planned for smallholder or large scale agricultural development, subject to economic feasibility and environmental and social safeguards
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Financial instruments to support decarbonisation - General
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
Support enacting a system of fees and incentives that encourages the purchase or manufacture of fuel-efficient vehicles and discourages the purchase or manufacturer of fuel inefficient vehicles. Promote low-carbon growth and investment while increasing environmental quality and social welfare by incentivizing investments in low carbon infrastructure and technology development, renewable energies, energy efficiency, transport, waste management, manufacturing and construction, and industrial processing sectors.
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Freight intermodality - General
National Transport Strategy
2013
Planning to ensure basic access to transport by at least one most cost-effective mode Port master planning to include provisions for improving efficiency of use of port land and rate of processing of cargo through the water/land interface. Inland terminals, port relocations and improved road links will be considered for the major ports as part of master planning to reduce urban congestion Use of logistics companies who can integrate sea, port and land transport operations to manage the main port terminals will be considered.
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Fuel quality improvement
Second Biennial Update Report
2022
Establish low carbon fuel standards;
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Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Establish low carbon fuel standards;
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Green aviation program
Papua New Guinea State Action Plan
2023
Conversion of airport infrastructure and ground support equipment to solar and minimize use of diesel-generated power
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International Aviation Climate Ambition Coalition
2021
1. Working together, both through ICAO and other complementary cooperative initiatives, to advance ambitious actions to reduce aviation CO2 emissions at a rate consistent with efforts to limit the global average temperature increase to 1.5°C. 2. Supporting the adoption by ICAO of an ambitious long-term aspirational goal consistent with the above-referenced temperature limit, and in view of the industry's commitments towards net zero CO2 emissions by 2050. 3. Ensuring the maximum effectiveness of CORSIA, including by: - supporting efforts at ICAO and working with other ICAO member states to implement and strengthen CORSIA as an important measure to address aviation emissions, including to expand participation in CORSIA, and participating in CORSIA as soon as possible, if our state has not done so already. - taking steps domestically to implement Annex 16 Volume IV of the Chicago Convention as fully as possible and in a timely manner, including with respect to enforcement of domestic regulations, legislation, or Implementation arrangements. - advancing the environmental ambition of the scheme in the course of undertaking the CORSIA Periodic Reviews. - working to ensure that double counting is avoided through the host state's application of corresponding adjustments in accounting for its nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement for the mitigation underlying all CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units and, where needed, CORSIA Eligible Fuels, used toward CORSIA compliance. 5. Promoting the development and deployment, through international and national measures, of innovative new low- and zero-carbon aircraft technologies that can reduce aviation CO2 emissions. 7. Promoting capacity building support for the implementation of CORSIA and other ICAO climate measures, including to advance uptake of freely available tools and to expand regional expertise, accreditation and access to markets for sustainable aviation fuels and CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units. 8. Convening periodically at both ministerial and official levels with a view to advancing and reviewing progress on the above commitments.
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Climate Change (Management) Act 2015 (No. 19 of 2015)
2015
A regulation to be known as the Fuel Standards Regulation shall - (a) prescribe the standard of refining and maximum permissible content of sulphur and other targeted greenhouse gas pollutants in all fuel for use in road, sea and air transport and power generation;
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High density development
Second Biennial Update Report
2022
Reduce vehicle-miles through more compact development patterns;
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Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Reduce vehicle-miles through more compact development patterns;
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National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
Transportation Strategies to mitigate climate change include: reducing vehicle-miles travelled (VMT) through more compact development patterns, mandating higher fuel efficiency through new national and international standards.
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Incentives for EVs and components
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
The Government shall provide additional grants of PNG Kina 1,000 to operators of charging stations that use renewable energy sources, for the first 100 installations. Fiscal measures: Import duties, road tax, registration fees and other related vehicle fees shall be waived for all EVs, charging stations, batteries, and spare parts. 3.2 The purchase/demand incentives offered under the policy (i.e., Purchase and Scrapping Incentives) for all EVs shall be paid out directly to the registered owners by the Department of Transport, PNG, based on claims made by individual buyers after the purchase of the vehicle. 3.3 Low interest/interest subvention schemes will be explored by the Department of Transport to be offered by National banks in PNG for application to credit for the purchase of EVs. 3.4 All electric vehicles registered shall be issued a green number plate by the Road Transport Authority (RTA), Department of Transport. Individuals and fleet owners shall be encouraged to purchase EVs for freight and for employee transportation services for different companies in PNG, through the provision of a purchase incentive of PNG Kina 2,000 each for the first 500 vehicles to be registered in PNG after the issuance of this policy. ICE freight/passenger transport vehicles over a certain age can cause significant pollution. Scrapping these vehicles will potentially create demand for electric vehicles in the market. Purchasers of EVs (i.e., vehicles eligible for the Purchase Incentive) will be eligible for a Scrapping Incentive for scrapping and de-registering old ICE freight/passenger transport vehicles registered in PNG. Up to PNG Kina 1,000 for the first 1,000 vehicles shall be reimbursed by the PNG National Government to the purchasers of EVs, subject to evidence of confirmation of scrapping and de-registration of an ICE vehicle. The definition of an old vehicle eligible for scrapping will be defined by the Department of Transport. A Purchase Incentive of PNG Kina 100 per kWh of battery capacity shall be provided per electric fourwheeler (subject to a maximum incentive of PNG Kina 2,000 per vehicle) to the owners of the first 500 e-cars to be registered in PNG after the issuance of this policy. The incentives shall be applicable only to electric four-wheelers with lithium-ion batteries. A scrapping policy will be applicable to cars whose first registration was in 2007 or beforehand. Up to PNG Kina 1,000 for the first 1,000 vehicles shall be reimbursed by the PNG National Government to purchasers of electric cars who can provide evidence of the scrapping of an ICE vehicle.
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Infrastructure improvements - General
PNG Vision 2050
2009
Improve Papua New Guinea's access to services and basic infrastructure;
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Innovations and digitalization - General
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
An open source, publicly owned database/mobile application shall be developed by Department of Transport, PNG, offering historical and real-time information on public charging infrastructure i.e., kWh, session length, vehicle type if applicable, number of charging events, location (latitude, longitude) of the charger, number of chargers at site, site classification, payment amount, pay structure (by hour, or by kWh, or by session), as well as payment rate. The private entities shall have to provide data to this public database.
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Involvement of subnational government for transport activities
National Transport Strategy
2013
The National Transport Strategy supports the division of roles between national and provincial government as established by the Organic Law. Certain institutional, legislative and administrative changes are proposed to provide for the more efficient and effective discharge of responsibilities and administration of the transport sector between national, provincial and local levels. These include matters of sector funding, user charges and asset transfers described late in the NTS Over the period of the NTS, the more important provincial roads, ports and airports will be declared as national assets and become the funding and maintenance responsibility of the Government transport agencies. Declaration of transport infrastructure as national assets will recognise the technical and financial capacity of each province to maintain and develop its transport network and will aim to better align technical capacity and funding availability between national and provincial level in each transport mode. This policy will also be contingent on the development of user charges funding at national level and the progressive transfer of the core national road network to the NRA.
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Land use - General
National disaster risk reduction framework 2017-2030
2017
Develop guidance for disaster recovery and reconstruction, such as on land-use planning and structural standards improvement, including incorporating lessons from previous experiences;
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
Integrate spatial planning and transportation planning so that the development patterns support mobility choices and reduced trip lengths to meet basic needs thereby allowing the transportation facilities to help achieve community climate change goals.
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Logistics customs and border procedures
National Strategy for Responsible Sustainable Development
2014
Open and competitive markets; avoid trade restrictions: The promotion of a supportive and open international economic system that would lead to economic growth and sustainable development is imperative. PNG should invest in trade policy measures for environmental purposes that do not possess arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade. This is consistent with Principle 12 of Rio + Declaration.
Nature-based solutions
National Transport Strategy
2013
Practice guidelines and procedures will be tailored to each transport mode to safeguard the natural and built environment and to minimise social and environmental impacts to people and communities
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Noise reduction - General
National Transport Strategy
2013
Develop and seal all airstrips throughout the country NAC airports to be brought up to safety certification standard by 2015 Other publicly owned airports to be brought up to a certifiable safe standard by 2020 Air operators to set up and maintain Safety Management Systems to ensure compliance with civil aviation rules, overseen by CASA Director of Civil Aviation and CASA to rigorously implement and monitor legal safety requirements NASP to guide improvements in aviation security, including airport and air operator security Government to agree a security compliance action plan with ICAO CASA to be the coordinating agency for aviation security, liaising with other authorities Government will harmonize its aviation security practices with neighbouring states NAC to include airport noise control in airport master plans and to liaise with urban planning agencies to mutually ensure that airport expansion is not limited by urban development
NAC to include airport noise control in airport master plans and to liaise with urban planning agencies to mutually ensure that airport expansion is not limited by urban development
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Performance-based transport maintenance contracts
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
Establish long-term maintenance program for the principal contractor to maintain the road for the next 5-10 years to keep it in good trafficable condition
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National Transport Strategy
2013
The Government is committed to the construction of quality roads that do not deteriorate quickly. To this end, tenders and contracts for construction or repair will specify an obligation to maintain the road for a number of years and payments will be contingent on the road being maintained in good condition. Contractors will then have the incentive to construct a good road from the outset, as they will have to maintain it later. Further, contracts for construction will be open to international road construction firms with an excellent proven record, as well as to domestic firms.
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Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
To this end, tenders and contracts for construction or repair will specify an obligation to maintain the road for a number of years and payments will be contingent on the road being maintained in good condition.
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Planning to reduce future vulnerabilities and minimizing losses
Connect PNG (Implementation and Funding Arrangements Act 2021)
2021
Develop and implement architectural project management system which includes risk vulnerability assessments to support infrastructure construction throughout PNG.
Private sector cooperation
National Transport Strategy
2013
The Government transport agencies will competitively outsource services delivery to the private sector where this is cost-efficient and does not compromise the core competencies of the sector agencies
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Private sector investment/ PPP
Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
The Department will continue to work with external stakeholders to deliver on goals for the road network and rural infrastructure including, with high priorities in the next five years including: • Working cooperatively with the National Roads Authority to plan and implement routine maintenance of agreed sections of the national road network from Road Fund revenue • Working cooperatively with the Infrastructure Development Authority to implement major road projects to ensure best value for money is achieved for the people of Papua New Guinea • Supporting ongoing development of the construction contracting industry to ensure they are able to meet growing demand for development and maintenance of the road network • Liaising with Central agencies of GoPNG to maintain funding of the road network • Maintaining positive relationships with development partners including; Asian Development Bank in providing financial and technical assistance in delivery of the roads program, World Bank in providing financial and technical assistance in delivery of the roads program, Government of Australia in providing financial and technical assistance in delivery of the roads program, Japanese International Cooperation Agency in providing funding and technical assistance in revitalisation of the Plant and Transport Division and in improving bridge infrastructure, Exim Bank of China in providing funding assistance in delivery of road infrastructure.
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National Transport Strategy
2013
To finance the expansion and maintenance of a nation-wide network of roads, the Government will engage the private sector through the public private partnership scheme. Private financing of infrastructure through public private partnerships (PPPs) will be considered for new transport infrastructure on a case-by-case basis. Balanced investment between roads, ports and airports in relation to benefit-cost performance The overall funding directed to improving access for remote poor communities will be determined through the CSO funding policy
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Promote preparedness and rapid recovery of transport function
Road Management and Maintenance Plan (RMMP) 2025–2040
2024
Under the DOWH Emergency Restoration Works Policy (Roads & Bridges), the department is required to restore accessibility within 48 hours as a response to weather and other emergencies on the road, hence maintenance teams are required to provide assistance during periods of bad weather or other notified civil emergencies, such as road traffic accidents, oil pollution incidents or extreme weather events.
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Connect PNG (Implementation and Funding Arrangements Act 2021)
2021
Implement NEC decision No. 219/2003 in terms of the deployment and effective use of the DoWH Provincial Plant and Transport Services Divisions to: • Maintain a core fleet of construction equipment to carry out emergency repairs to national roads in the event of Natural Disasters and emergencies
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Public transport improvement - General
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
In the year 2023, the PNG national government, with financial support from international donors, will purchase 5 electric busesfor a pilot project in Port Moresby. The buses will be operated by NCDC. At least three slow chargers will be installed at the bus depot for overnight charging of the buses.
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Updated NDC - PNG
2020
By 2030, US$20m (PGK 6m) value of low-emissions public transport services and infrastructure in urban centers in PNG
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Public transport intermodality - General
National Transport Strategy
2013
Planning to ensure basic access to transport by at least one most cost-effective mode Provide direct links between main provincial centres, main tourism destinations, areas of economic production and international port and airport gateways consistent with economic feasibility and international transport connections NAC to work with airlines and border control agencies to smooth modal transfers for air passengers. PNGPCL, the domestic passenger ferry operators and the tourism industry will work together to improve passenger reception facilities at domestic ports for local travel and cruise tourists.
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Public transport safety
National Transport Strategy
2013
Freight and passenger services will include service standards in licencing conditions
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Rail infrastructure expansion
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
Establish an efficient and modern railway network in PNG
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Recycle and circular economy in Transport
Road Management and Maintenance Plan (RMMP) 2025–2040
2024
Wherever possible, waste materials arising from the reconstruction of roads and footpaths or from other road surface treatments will either be reused directly or reprocessed for subsequent reuse as secondary materials. This includes all road planning and other bitumen products and all stone and concrete waste materials, underlying pavement structure (sub-base/base-course) including road sweepings. Materials that cannot be reused or recycled will be disposed of to an approved disposal site. Wherever practicable we will; • Retain and reuse materials on site • Maximize the value of re-used materials • Support the market development of recycled materials through their use wherever possible • Ensure that any materials that cannot be reused or recycled are disposed of in accordance with statutory requirements
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Reference to domestic financing mechanisms
National Transport Strategy
2013
The Government will, over time, reduce the proportion of transport infrastructure and services costs that it funds directly through Budget appropriation in favour of transport user charges Road safety funding to be increased and self-funded from RTA revenues
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Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
To finance the expansion and maintenance of a nation-wide network of roads, the Government will engage the private sector through the public private partnership scheme. To minimise the impact on the budget, the Government will pursue a public private partnership arrangement. It is expected that between 15 and 20 ships will be required over the next 20 years to serve the coastal regions.
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Relocation from climate-risk areas
National disaster risk reduction framework 2017-2030
2017
) Consider the relocation of public facilities and infrastructures to areas outside the risk range, wherever possible, in the post-disaster reconstruction process, in consultation with the impacted communities concerned, as appropriate;
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Renewable energy
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
Furthermore, the private entities can explore power banking facilities with PNG Power Limited for generation and use of renewable power. Power banking essentially assists in addressing power surplus and deficient situations. Pairing of smart chargers with large-scale energy storage could provide energy for fast charging without creating an unexpected burden to the power grid.
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National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
Adopt state, regional, and national policies that accelerate the transition to renewable energy sources.
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Reporting, transparency, feedback mechanism
Papua New Guinea State Action Plan
2023
PNG also adheres to ICAO's call to its Member States during its 41st Assembly (2022) to submit voluntary SAPs to communicate on the progress towards the environmental goals set by ICAO and, where appropriate, request assistance in implementing these plans.
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EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
An EV Committee consisting of relevant stakeholders will be established under the Department of Transport and will be responsible for regularly reviewing the performance of various measures under the policy and take additional measures, as necessary, for effective implementation so to achieve the primary objective of the policy i.e. reducing GHG emissions in the transport sector.
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Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
In respect to reporting, Department of Works will: • Report quarterly (end of March, June, September and December) on progress against the annual plan, which will be closely aligned with the Corporate Strategic Plan • Report annually against the deliverables and performance targets in the Corporate Strategic Plan, both reporting activity progress and also providing an analysis of achievements and evaluation of performance.
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National Transport Strategy
2013
All transport agencies will be required to develop measure and report on KPIs for their activities and the performance of transport assets under their control, including public satisfaction surveys Transport infrastructure agencies to introduce anticorruption checking and public reporting procedures Improved tracking and costeffectiveness monitoring of national works undertaken under contract, by own forces and under inter-governmental funding to provinces to improve value-for-money and to reduce corruption
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Transport Sector Support Program (Phase 2) - Design and Implementation Framework
2013
enhance accountability, reporting and performance
Resilient transport infrastructure
Connect PNG (Implementation and Funding Arrangements Act 2021)
2021
Develop new, review existing and implement inclusive and climate responsive minimum road and bridge design standards. Develop and implement inclusive and climate responsive minimum building design standards for Provincial and District Infrastructure. Review and implement Building Act and Regulation Chapter 301 (1994) to the best engineering practices taking account of disability inclusion and Climate Change and Disaster Resilience (CCDR) requirements.
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National disaster risk reduction framework 2017-2030
2017
Promote the resilience of new and existing critical services and infrastructure, including water, power, food security, transportation and telecommunications, educational and health facilities, including hospitals and schools to ensure that they remain operational during and after disasters provide life-saving and essential services;
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Road infrastructure expansion
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
Construct Missing Link Roads Construct and maintain Provincial Roads, District Roads and Rural Economic Access Roads Financing and Implementation of Connect PNG Roads Under this plan, 75% of National roads are envisaged to be in good condition, and 4 economic corridor roads and 10 of the 16 missing link roads will be constructed.
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National Adaptation Plan
2023
Construction and/or rehabilitation of climate resilient roads, bridges and culverts according to climate resilient standards.
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National Roads Network Strategy 2036
2018
Missing llink national roads and alternative routes Table ES-3
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Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
Opening up four economic corridors with an extra 1700km of national roads: EastWest New Britain link; Gulf Province –Erave to Semerigi Link; Gulf to Morobe -Kaintiba to Aseki; and, Madang to Baiyer, Western Highlands; and connecting other missing links as they are funded;
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National Transport Strategy
2013
Improve road approaches, new and upgraded links and local traffic management at the main ports and airports Provide appropriate standard road links to ports and airports
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Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
In addition, construction of nation building roads comprising of the “16 missing links” and additional “corridor” roads is required over the next 20 years (Table 4.2)
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Road infrastructure, signage and furniture improvement
National Roads Network Strategy 2036
2018
Provide the Core Roads with the appropriate signange, traffic calming measures and lane markings for safe operations
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Road-side vehicle technical checks
National Transport Strategy
2013
Increase on-road enforcement of smoky vehicles
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Routine transport asset maintenance
Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
As part of a process of improving management of the road network, the Department will create and maintain National Road Asset Schedule, providing full details of all roads. Maintenance responsibility and maintenance funding source for each road will be detailed.
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Shipping efficiency improvements
Climate Change (Management) Act 2015 (No. 19 of 2015)
2015
A regulation to be known as the Fuel Standards Regulation shall - (a) prescribe the standard of refining and maximum permissible content of sulphur and other targeted greenhouse gas pollutants in all fuel for use in road, sea and air transport and power generation;
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Shipping improvement - General
National Transport Strategy
2013
increase the number of jetties and wharfs in all maritime provinces, and reintroduce government work boats Consider relocation of port facilities and inland freight terminals in selected cases Cabotage - There will be stricter conditions and limits on permits for international shipping to carry coastal cargo (cabotage) to avoid damage to the PNG flagged coasting trade and its associated onshore industries A fee-based system will be introduced for cabotage privileges to be applied to developing the PNG domestic shipping industry and potentially to CSO services to small ports Price Control - Price control on coastal shipping freight rates will be removed but operators will be required to structure their charges to transparently reflect actual costs. ICCC will periodically monitor freight rates through case studies
x
Shipping port infrastructure improvements
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
The Connect PNG Sea / Water Transport Program will construct or rehabilitate strategic Provincial and District ports, wharves and jetties. It specifically aims to upgrade the port facilities of Lae, Motukea, Aitape, Alotau, Buka, Daru, Kavieng, Kieta, Kimbe, Lorengau, Madang, Oro Bay, Rabaul, Vanimo and Wewak to commercial status with the focus on pilotage, surveillance, line handling, berthage and storage services and facilities. Other ports operated by private entities, including mining firms, will also be supported. The MTDP IV supports the construction of new wharves in Wewak, Vanimo, Kikori, Arafura Port and Manus, rehabilitate five national ports, upgrade and maintain 24 wharves and jetties, equip five ports with safety standards and compliance requirements (ISP Code) and train at least nine Master-3 Captains by 2027.
x
National Adaptation Plan
2023
Design and/or management of the 4 wharves in partnership with development partners.
x
Voluntary National Review 2020 - PNG
2020
In some coastal towns, several wharves and jetties are built to improve transportation under the programs by Ports PNG and National Fisheries Authority respectively.
x
PNG Vision 2050
2009
Increase the number of jetties and wharfs in all maritime provinces, and reintroduce government work boats;
x
Solar energy
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
Off-grid charging infrastructure based on solar photovoltaic (PV) will be explored to charge electric buses and to ensure uninterrupted electrical supply.
x
Sustainable aviation fuels (SAF)
International Aviation Climate Ambition Coalition
2021
1. Working together, both through ICAO and other complementary cooperative initiatives, to advance ambitious actions to reduce aviation CO2 emissions at a rate consistent with efforts to limit the global average temperature increase to 1.5°C. 2. Supporting the adoption by ICAO of an ambitious long-term aspirational goal consistent with the above-referenced temperature limit, and in view of the industry's commitments towards net zero CO2 emissions by 2050. 3. Ensuring the maximum effectiveness of CORSIA, including by: - supporting efforts at ICAO and working with other ICAO member states to implement and strengthen CORSIA as an important measure to address aviation emissions, including to expand participation in CORSIA, and participating in CORSIA as soon as possible, if our state has not done so already. - taking steps domestically to implement Annex 16 Volume IV of the Chicago Convention as fully as possible and in a timely manner, including with respect to enforcement of domestic regulations, legislation, or Implementation arrangements. - advancing the environmental ambition of the scheme in the course of undertaking the CORSIA Periodic Reviews. - working to ensure that double counting is avoided through the host state's application of corresponding adjustments in accounting for its nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement for the mitigation underlying all CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units and, where needed, CORSIA Eligible Fuels, used toward CORSIA compliance. 5. Promoting the development and deployment, through international and national measures, of innovative new low- and zero-carbon aircraft technologies that can reduce aviation CO2 emissions. 7. Promoting capacity building support for the implementation of CORSIA and other ICAO climate measures, including to advance uptake of freely available tools and to expand regional expertise, accreditation and access to markets for sustainable aviation fuels and CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units. 8. Convening periodically at both ministerial and official levels with a view to advancing and reviewing progress on the above commitments.
4. Promoting the development and deployment, through international and national measures, of sustainable aviation fuels that reduce lifecycle emissions and contribute to the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in particular avoiding competition with food production for land use and water supply. 7. Promoting capacity building support for the implementation of CORSIA and other ICAO climate measures, including to advance uptake of freely available tools and to expand regional expertise, accreditation and access to markets for sustainable aviation fuels and CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units.
8. Convening periodically at both ministerial and official levels with a view to advancing and reviewing progress on the above commitments. --- 1. Working together, both through ICAO and other complementary cooperative initiatives, to advance ambitious actions to reduce aviation CO2 emissions at a rate consistent with efforts to limit the global average temperature increase to 1.5°C. 2. Supporting the adoption by ICAO of an ambitious long-term aspirational goal consistent with the above-referenced temperature limit, and in view of the industry's commitments towards net zero CO2 emissions by 2050. 3. Ensuring the maximum effectiveness of CORSIA, including by: - supporting efforts at ICAO and working with other ICAO member states to implement and strengthen CORSIA as an important measure to address aviation emissions, including to expand participation in CORSIA, and participating in CORSIA as soon as possible, if our state has not done so already. - taking steps domestically to implement Annex 16 Volume IV of the Chicago Convention as fully as possible and in a timely manner, including with respect to enforcement of domestic regulations, legislation, or Implementation arrangements. - advancing the environmental ambition of the scheme in the course of undertaking the CORSIA Periodic Reviews. - working to ensure that double counting is avoided through the host state's application of corresponding adjustments in accounting for its nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement for the mitigation underlying all CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units and, where needed, CORSIA Eligible Fuels, used toward CORSIA compliance. 5. Promoting the development and deployment, through international and national measures, of innovative new low- and zero-carbon aircraft technologies that can reduce aviation CO2 emissions. 7. Promoting capacity building support for the implementation of CORSIA and other ICAO climate measures, including to advance uptake of freely available tools and to expand regional expertise, accreditation and access to markets for sustainable aviation fuels and CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units. 8. Convening periodically at both ministerial and official levels with a view to advancing and reviewing progress on the above commitments.
x
Technical standards for general transport infrastructure
National disaster risk reduction framework 2017-2030
2017
Building better from the start to withstand respective hazards through proper and context specific design and construction, including application of minimum standards for engineered and non-engineered designs;
x
x
x
Transport Sector Support Program (Phase 2) - Design and Implementation Framework
2013
transport services have consistently moved towards full compliance with international safety and security standards
Technical standards for road infrastructure
Road Management and Maintenance Plan (RMMP) 2025–2040
2024
All road maintenance will be designed to current technical standards and guidance such as the DOWH Standards and Specifications 2015 and the Highway Maintenance Specification including other relevant Manuals. Where appropriate however, and based on sound engineering judgment, this will be modified to take account of local needs or circumstances.
x
National Adaptation Plan
2023
Update road design standards including climate change considerations.
x
Connect PNG (Implementation and Funding Arrangements Act 2021)
2021
Develop new, review existing and implement inclusive and climate responsive minimum road and bridge design standards. Develop and implement inclusive and climate responsive minimum building design standards for Provincial and District Infrastructure.
x
Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
Standards and safeguards for road and bridge design and engineering in PNG are established and applied
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Provide consistency of design treatment along transport routes, with heavy traffic provisions suited to road function and nature of traffic
x
Technology and knowledge transfer
National Roads Network Strategy 2036
2018
Assist the provinces in the formulation, implementation and monitoring of their road network maintenance and investment plans through the conduct of capacity-building programs and on-site coaching of the locaql engineering and planning staf
x
Traffic management
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
improving connectivity of the Transportation network, reducing congestion
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Improve road approaches, new and upgraded links and local traffic management at the main ports and airports
x
Transit-oriented development (TOD)
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
Improving cooperation and Transit-oriented development, and address congestion management
x
x
Transport Laws and Regulations- General
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
The Government of PNG shall develop a battery reuse and recycling policy that shall encourage and prioritise the reuse of EV batteries that have reached the end of their life and secondly, provide a framework to set up recycling businesses in collaboration with international EV and EV battery recycling firms. Lithium-ion batteries can have a profitable second life as backup storage for grid-scale solar PV installations, where they could operate for a decade or more in this less-demanding role. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) would be an appropriate approach to addressing the issue of used batteries in the short term. Operational guidelines shall be created, i.e. for the claim of incentives offered under this policy (i.e. purchase and scrapping incentives) and issued from time to time by the Department of Transport with the approval of Minister (Transport) as Competent Authority.
x
Road Traffic Authority Corporate Plan 2017-2019
2017
Reviewed and updated Road Traffic Rules
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Develop implementation mechanisms and protocols for the Protection of Transport Infrastructure Act including: - Carrying out an audit of land compensation procures - Developing a Community Economic Involvement and Education Programme - Developing a policing and enforcement strategy. Environmental impact assessments will include direct and indirect environmental effects of transport, including the incremental effects of multiple projects over time Each transport agency will be required to prepare, maintain and adhere to a Code of Environmental Practice written for the context of its operations, with the aims of best practice and continuous improvement A Road Traffic Act will replace the existing Motor Traffic Act and related legislation to establish a Road Traffic Authority, combining the NRSC and LTD of DOT and introducing quality-based transport licensing. Road Classification and Standards Regulations to be drafted under the NRA's Act. The need for the Motor Vehicle Dealers Act will be reviewed with a view to repeal. The Merchant Shipping Act will be amended to remove price control on shipping freight rates and to reform the coastal shipping licensing and permitting regime. A new Ports Bill will be drafted by DOT in conjunction with PNGPCL to more clearly delineate the powers, functions and responsibilities of PNGPCL The Small Craft Act has been passed to regulate small boat safety
x
x
x
Transport asset condition assessment
National Adaptation Plan
2023
Conduct a rigorous risk and vulnerability assessment including inland road network, coastal roads and buildings.
x
x
x
Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
Continuing to provide central government agencies with accurate reporting on progress in improving the road network and up-to-date information on the maintenance backlog, in 2015 estimated at between K3 and K4 billion;
x
Transport asset management - General
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
The Government will develop, rehabilitate and/or maintain 500km of National roads and highways, 4,000km of provincial and district roads, 400km of roads under the 20-year Connect PNG program, 10 national bridges, 60 rural bridges, and 2 railways. DoWH, Department of Transport, Provinces and Districts are entrusted to take the lead and ensure greater coordination to achieve these targets. Rehabilitate and maintain the National Road Network (NRN) including bridges Under this plan, 75% of National roads are envisaged to be in good condition, and 4 economic corridor roads and 10 of the 16 missing link roads will be constructed.
x
x
National Adaptation Plan
2023
in transport “US1.2 billion (PGK 4.2 billion) value of transport (air,sea, and land) infrastructure and assets built/rehabilitated according to climate-resilient codes and standards” Build/rehabilitate urban and coastal infrastructure according to climate resilient codes and standards for increased resilience of physical assets, communities and livelihoods
x
x
Voluntary National Review 2020 - PNG
2020
The World Bank ongoing road maintenance and rehabilitation of core road network in the Highlands with the Export-Import Bank of China.
x
National Roads Network Strategy 2036
2018
Pursue the Maintenace First policy to ensure that maintainable road sections are in fair to good condition NRN road sections in fair to good condition without the core roads would be provided with minimum standard maintenance levels to be preserved in their current condition Prioritize the rehabilitation/reconstruction of Core Roads in poor condition economic viability measures. HDM 4 to generate the annual and rolling 5-year maintenance plans to a chieve the stated target
x
Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
Implementing a structured maintenance program to ensure the current 4000km of national roads in good condition do not deteriorate; Implementing a program to upgrade and seal another 1000km of national roads to good condition; Undertaking emergency restoration of the 800km Highlands Highway, whilst developing a long term plan to reduce road failure; Upgrading Lae and Port Moresby city roads;
x
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
The Government will encourage provinces in this situation to enter into management agreements with the transport sector agencies on a fee-forservice basis to act on behalf of the provinces as asset managers for provincial roads, ports and airports.
x
Transport Sector Support Program (Phase 2) - Design and Implementation Framework
2013
Priority Land Transport Assets Maintained
x
Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030
2010
National Government expenditure on upgrading, including re-routing, and on rehabilitation will be directed to the following 16 priority roads (Table4.1)
x
Transport asset management funding strategy
National Roads Network Strategy 2036
2018
Match the available DoW funding envelope with the road network to be maintained. DoW to identify the core networks or roads that will have priority over the DoW maintenance budget
x
Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
The Road Investment Strategywill translate road system performance objectives (driven by community outcomes) to priorities for investments in road system capacity. TheStrategy will identify and prioritise capital investments in the road system which will progressively achieve the target network configuration and capacity identified in the Road System Management Strategy, recognising forecast patterns of road use demand and funding availability. The Road Investment Strategy will articulate the priorities and effectiveness of capital investments in the capacity of the road system. It provides the framework for the progressive development and evaluation of road system improvements to achieve the performance objectives and target standards developed in the over-arching road system management strategy. It will guide planners, project designers and developers of road investment proposals.
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Maintenance - should be fully funded across the network before considering any upgrading or new construction;
x
x
x
Transport finance - General
Voluntary National Review 2020 - PNG
2020
Hence, the government will continue to invest more in rehabilitation, maintenance, reconstruction and upgrading programs on existing national road networks, connection of economically vital missing links, and design, reconstruction and upgrading old and aging rundown bridges.
x
Voluntary National Review 2020 - PNG
2020
The government has increased its investments in the last ten years on the rehabilitation of many national roads with 65 percent improved or upgraded in 2015 from 29 percent in 2010 where 45 percent is sealed.
x
Transport Sector Support Program (Phase 2) - Design and Implementation Framework
2013
support achievement of better and consistent PNG Government funding flows.
Transport infrastructure modification to reduce climate risks
Medium Term Development Plan IV 2023-2027
2023
PNG is committed to focus on four development sectors of the nine priority areas of adaptation which include Health, Infrastructure, Agriculture and Transport. Ongoing adaptation measures will be incorporated in these sectors' programs and projects development to ensure climate change losses are mitigated.
x
x
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
NAC to coordinate with other agencies to ensure climate change adaptation is included in airport upgrading
x
Transport institutional reform
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
A National EV Unitshall be constituted by the Department of Transport as the apex body for effective implementation of the PNG Electric Vehicle Policy, 2022.
x
Department of Works Corporate Strategic Plan
2015
Revitalising Plant and Transport Division as a critical delivery mechanism for maintenance of PNG's rural roads;
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Ensure that the Department of Works takes full ownership of all road networks throughout Papua New Guinea The transport SOEs and statutory authorities will be required, to the maximum extent possible, to operate on a fully commercial basis and with a minimum of price regulation provided that the CSO obligations of each SOE are explicitly recognised and are separately funded. n oversight working party will be formed from the public and private sector under CIMC and IPEPNG auspices to review and endorse proposed industry standards. There is a need for comprehensive reform of the agencies responsible for road traffic and transport The respective roles of DOW and NRA will be more clearly defined and developed, together with their funding arrangements Further reforms will be made in maritime transport to clearly separate commercial and regulatory roles Coordinate with and assist provincial administrations, LLGs and communities to prepare and implement provincial transport plans and integrate with national level planning Establish a Rural Infrastructure Development Division (RIDD) to support the above Establish a Shipping Franchise Unit within DOT RIDD to service the CWTP Coasting Trade Committee The CTC will be reformed or replaced by a more widely representative Marine Industry Advisory Group (MIAG)
x
x
x
Transport Sector Support Program (Phase 2) - Design and Implementation Framework
2013
improve systems and processes directly relevant to better implementation and efficiency through improved technical service delivery and operational reform
PNG Vision 2050
2009
Ensure that the Department of Works takes full ownership of all road networks throughout Papua New Guinea;
x
Transport international conventions - General
National Transport Strategy
2013
Through NMSA/NMA, PNG will endeavour to come into full compliance with the IMO conventions to which it is signatory and will accede to future conventions as appropriate
x
Transport resilience - general
Connect PNG (Implementation and Funding Arrangements Act 2021)
2021
Develop, build capacity and implement DoWH Safeguards and Climate Resilience Manual to include all Environment, Safeguards, Climate Resilience Standards and Guidelines in accordance with the Department's Climate Change and Safeguards Policy.
x
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
Minimize the vulnerability of transportation infrastructure to climate change effects, including threats from individual weather events like floods and permanent effects like sea-level rise.
x
PNG Vision 2050
2009
Assist the majority of Papua New Guineans to become resilient to natural and human disasters and environmental changes;
Trasport adaptation - general
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
Promote coordination, integration and facilitation among sectors such as but not restricted to agriculture, fisheries, forestry, water resources, transport, climate-induced migration , human settlement and infrastructure to ensure a holistic approach to climate change adaptation including eco-system friendly measures.
x
x
x
Vehicle efficiency standards
Second Biennial Update Report
2022
Encourage the introduction of fuel-efficient transport equipment;
x
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Encourage the introduction of fuel-efficient transport equipment;
x
Climate Change (Management) Act 2015 (No. 19 of 2015)
2015
A regulation to be known as the Fuel Standards Regulation shall - (a) prescribe the standard of refining and maximum permissible content of sulphur and other targeted greenhouse gas pollutants in all fuel for use in road, sea and air transport and power generation;
x
x
x
National Climate Compatible Development Management Policy
2014
Transportation Strategies to mitigate climate change include: reducing vehicle-miles travelled (VMT) through more compact development patterns, mandating higher fuel efficiency through new national and international standards. Establish low carbon fuel standards for autos, light trucks, heavy trucks, buses, air, water, school buses, and off-road transportation modes and encourage research into clean fuel options and system-wide implementation. Pass legislation setting standards for greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles at levels consistent with nationwide and economy-wide greenhouse gas reduction targets.
x
x
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Encourage the introduction of fuel-efficient transport equipment DOT to develop proposals for limiting the carbon emissions from the vehicle fleet and introduction of biofuels in conjunction with the OCCD
x
Vehicle inspection and maintenance
Road Traffic Authority Corporate Plan 2017-2019
2017
Accurate vehicle inspection, testing and certification
x
National Transport Strategy
2013
Reduce the number of vehicle testing stations and tighten criteria and enforcement; engage external auditing agency
x
Vehicle restrictions (import, age, access, sale, taxation)
National Transport Strategy
2013
Importation of motor vehicles will become subject to approval to ensure that transport equipment is fit for use on PNG roads in regards to mass and dimensions, vehicle construction rules, age and history of pre-use, and emission control equipment. Review import controls to eliminate high emission vehicles
x
Vehicle scrappage scheme
EV Policy Draft for PNG
2022
Scrapping of both ICE and EVs must be mandated through an appropriate regulation/guideline. ICE freight/passenger transport vehicles over a certain age can cause significant pollution. Scrapping these vehicles will potentially create demand for electric vehicles in the market. Purchasers of EVs (i.e., vehicles eligible for the Purchase Incentive) will be eligible for a Scrapping Incentive for scrapping and de-registering old ICE freight/passenger transport vehicles registered in PNG. Up to PNG Kina 1,000 for the first 1,000 vehicles shall be reimbursed by the PNG National Government to the purchasers of EVs, subject to evidence of confirmation of scrapping and de-registration of an ICE vehicle. The definition of an old vehicle eligible for scrapping will be defined by the Department of Transport. A scrapping policy will be applicable to cars whose first registration was in 2007 or beforehand. Up to PNG Kina 1,000 for the first 1,000 vehicles shall be reimbursed by the PNG National Government to purchasers of electric cars who can provide evidence of the scrapping of an ICE vehicle.
x
Second Biennial Update Report
2022
Eliminate high emission vehicles;
x
Updated NDC - PNG
2020
Eliminate high emission vehicles;
x
Disclaimer
The Asian Transport Observatory (ATO) project collects, collates, and organizes data from publicly available official, as well as reputable and peer-reviewed secondary sources, which may contain incomplete or inconsistent data. It is important to note that the ATO does not generate data. Changes in the methodologies used in the sources, and changes in the values due to such changes may not necessarily be highlighted in this specific document. Moreover, while the ATO carries out quality control and assurance of whether the data are truthfully reflected in the ATO, the ATO does not make any warranties or representations as to the appropriateness, quality, accuracy, or completeness of the data in the ATO databases, and in the knowledge products that are produced from such. Users are encouraged to scrutinize, verify, interpret, and judge the data before utilizing them. For the profiles, please note that we utilize the 3-letter codes from ISO due to the global nature of some of the figures. All insights are grounded in ATO national, urban, and policy databases. To ensure professional excellence, human-generated texts undergo AI-assisted refinement for grammar and clarity. Editorial judgment and content responsibility remain fully with the ATO, and AI is not used for autonomous content generation.
Koks, E., Rozenberg, J., Tariverdi, M., Dickens, B., Fox, C., Ginkel, K. van, & Hallegatte, S. (2023). A global assessment of national road network vulnerability. Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability, 3(2), 025008. https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/acd1aa
Liu, K., Wang, Q., Wang, M., & Koks, E. E. (2023). Global transportation infrastructure exposure to the change of precipitation in a warmer world. Nature Communications, 14(1), 2541. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38203-3
Noll, B., Schmidt, T. S., & Egli, F. (2026). The electric vehicle transition and vanishing fuel tax revenues. Nature Sustainability, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-025-01721-7
Wiedenhofer, D., Baumgart, A., Matej, S., Virág, D., Kalt, G., Lanau, M., Tingley, D. D., Liu, Z., Guo, J., Tanikawa, H., & Haberl, H. (2024). Mapping and modelling global mobility infrastructure stocks, material flows and their embodied greenhouse gas emissions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 434, 139742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139742
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